Diffuse Lung Diseases – High Yield Facts

• Thickened intralobular lines MC seen in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
• Smooth fissural thickening in pulmonary edema. Nodular fissural thickening in sarcoidosis & lymphangitic carcinomatosis.
• Ill defined centrilobular nodules in hypersensitivity pneumonitis, COP, RB-ILD.
• Subpleural lines MC in Asbestosis.
• Honeycombing frequently seen in UIP, hypersensitivity pneumonitis & occasionally in sarcoidosis.
• Thin-walled cysts – LAM, eosinophilic granulomatosis
• UIP & sarcoidosis r d MC causes of irregular lung interfaces.
• GGO defined as an area of increased attenuation on HRCT within which normal parenchymal structures r visible. Produced by thickening of alveolar septa by inflammatory exudate. Seen in DIP, PCP, NSIP, AHP, IPE. Often implies an active inflammatory process that is reversible.
• Sarcoidosis & UIP r d diseases MC asso with architectural distortion.
• Traction bronchiectasis MC in UIP & fibrotic sarcoidosis.
• Conglomerate masses – End stage sarcoidosis
• Consolidation – Increased lung density that obscures underlying vessels. Air bronchogram commonly present. Can be seen with any airspace- filling process. Occasionally seen in ILD like UIP, sarcoidosis.

 

CHRONIC ILDs

1. Chronic interstitial pulmonary edema
2. Connective tissue ds
3. Idiopathic chronic interstitial pneumonias
4. Other chronic interstitial lung ds