Category Archives: Questions

CNS Question Bank

Brain Development and Congenital Malformations

  • Classify congenital diseases of brain. MRI Findings. Differentiate on basis of principles of CT & MRI.
  • Describe normal brain development. Classify congenital malformations.
  • Arnold Chiari malformation (**) (2008)
  • Agenesis of corpus callosum – CT
  • Midline anomaly of brain – Role of imaging in identification
  • Dandy Walker syndrome
  • CT in post. cranial fossa
  • Adv. & disadv. of post. fossa lesion of brain
  • Hernia through foramen of Morgagni & Luschka
  • Neuroectodermal dysplasia (Phakomatoses)
  • Phakomatoses – Defn, Types, C/F, R/F of Tuberous sclerosis
  • Tuberous sclerosis
  • Sturge Weber syndrome

Cerebral Vasculature, Trauma, Stroke

  • Role of CT in head injury
  • Head injury – Radiology & CT appearance (LQ)
  • How will u inv. a case of head injury radiologically?
  • Describe the etiology & presenting features of SAH. Describe distribution of SAH by aneurysmal location. Describe the interventional radiological procedures of endovascular Tt of aneurysm. (5+5+10) (2013)
  • Radiological anatomy of subarachnoid spaces. Role of CT & MRI in evaluation of SAH.
  • SAH – Imaging & causes (*****)
  • Intracranial hematoma – CT
  • Role of MR Angio in diagnosis of SAH (2005)
  • SAH – Causes, CT findings. How modern imaging helps in assessing causative lesions?
  • Describe cerebral circulation with reference to conventional angiography, CT & MR angiography.
  • Describe the branches of ICA & give line diagram as seen on carotid angiography. How will you investigate a case of SAH?
  • Anatomy of cerebral arteries. What are persistent carotico-vertebral anastomosis?
  • Cerebral infarct – Mechanism, CT & MRI finding
  • Acute infarct (SN)
  • Ischemic cerebrovascular disease – Role of CT
  • CVA – Causes & MRI
  • CT findings of tumors vs large infarct
  • Role of MRI in stroke (LQ 2007)
  • DSA in vascular anomalies of brain (LQ)
  • Intracranial vascular occlusion – Anatomy
  • Classify aneurysm. Discuss briefly the various radiological methods avlbl with their relative merits.
  • Discuss radiological role in intracranial aneurysm with spl. ref. to Mx by interventional radiology
  • Role of interventional radiology in Mx of AVM of brain (2005, 2006)
  • What is interventional radiology? Its role in cerebrovascular system.
  • Role of Interventional radiology in cerebrovascular system
  • Discuss the various interventional procedures related to neuroradiology (2003)
  • Moya moya ds
  • Circle of Willis
  • Carotid artery angiogram – Indication, Technique, Angio. findings of meningioma

Brain Tumors

  • Classify brain tumor – CT & MRI findings
  • Classify intracranial tumors. CT & Angiographic features of gliomas
  • Glioma – CT & Angiographic findings (LQ)
  • Intracranial glioma (supratentorial) – CT appearance. Compare with angiographic findings, stressing on merits & demerits of both
  • Classify supratentorial tumors. Describe the methods of inv. in case of suspected supratentoial tumor (****)
  • Ependymoma (SN 2007)
  • Intracranial meningioma (*****)
  • Meningioma – CT & Angiographic findings (LQ)
  • Meningioma – Classification
  • Meningioma – CT, Classification
  • Intracranial meningioma – R/F (X-ray, CT, Angio)
  • Hemangioblastoma of CNS
  • PNET
  • Pituitary tumors – Classification. Diagnosis of acromegaly
  • Pituitary disease – Radiological features in X-ray, CT, MRI
  • Pituitary adenoma -Plain X-ray, CT, MRI
  • Name the hormones secreted by pituitary gland. Describe in details the C/F & R/F due to excess of ACTH.
  • Sella turcica – Radiological anatomy
  • Anatomy of pituitary fossa (SN 2006)
  • Anatomy of pituitary gland & modern imaging trends for sellar & parasellar lesions
  • Sella turcica – Enumerate the intrasellar tumors
  • Causes of pediatric brain tumor. How will u inv. a case of post. fossa neoplasm? Give diff. radiological findings.
  • CP angle tumors – Names, Imaging modalities, R/F (2 times)
  • Adv. of MRI to understand CPA tumors. Give their distinctive MRI features (2008)
  • IAC – Anatomy & imaging of a case of 8th nerve tumor
  • Acoustic neuroma (LQ)
  • Rathke’s pouch tumor (***)
  • Rathke’s cleft cyst
  • Colloid cyst
  • Craniopharyngioma (2 times)
  • Carotid body tumor
  • Cerebral lymphoma
  • Pineal gland tumors
  • Choroid plexus tumors

Brain Infections

  • NCC (*****)
  • NCC – CT (***) (LQ)
  • Intracranial infective lesion – MRI & its advantage over CT in tuberculoma of brain
  • Neurotuberculosis – CT
  • Neurotuberculosis (SN 2008)
  • CT findings in different brain abscess
  • CT features in pyogenic brain abscess (LQ 2007)
  • Brain abscess – MRI (LQ), CT (LQ)
  • Ring enhancing lesions of brain (2007) (2 times)
  • Single ring enhancing lesion
  • Describe the imaging features of various pathologies as presented by ring enhancing lesions of brain.

White matter abnormalities & Degenerative diseases

  • Cerebral ventricles anatomy
  • Ventricular system – Radio. anatomy with diagram, Mech. of formation & circulation of CSF, Radio. procedures to study the ventricular system of brain
  • Hydrocephalus – Pathology, CT
  • CT findings of obstructive hydrocephalus
  • Hydrocephalus of a child – Role of X-ray, USG, CT
  • Hydrocephalus – Types & causes (2005)
  • CSF circulation (****)
  • Formation & circulation of CSF. Discuss the pathophysiological mechanism of hydrocephalus (2007)
  • Communicating hydrocephalus
  • Arachnoid granulations
  • Role of MRI in MS. Recent advances in imaging for diag. of MS
  • MS (SN)
  • What are the acquired white matter degenerative disorders? Write the brief pathophysiology & detailed imaging features of MS.
  • Krabbe ds
  • Leigh ds
  • Wilson ds

Spine

  • Role of MRI in vertebral disesaes
  • CT in spinal lesion
  • CT vs MRI in spinal lesions
  • Spinal cord – Radiological anatomy. Adv. & disadv. of non-ionic contrast in conventional myelography
  • Classify spinal tumors. Describe the imaging features of spinal tumors.
  • Spinal tumors – Types & investigations
  • Spinal tumors in children – Radiological inv.
  • Myelogram in spinal tumors (2 times)
  • Spinal TB (***)
  • Pathology & R/F of vertebral TB
  • Syringomyelia (2 times)
  • Diastematomyelia
  • Tethered spinal cord (SN 2007)
  • Spinal dysraphism
  • Single ivory vertebral body
  • Vertebral trauma – CT
  • Radiological evaluation of spinal trauma
  • Traumatic paraplegia – Imaging importance
  • Diff. radio. inv. done in a case of paraplegia foll. RTA

Miscellaneous

  • Write about the advantages of SSFP sequences over conventional MRI sequences for evaluation of cranial nerves. Describe identification points of all cranial nerves from other curvilinear structure & common disease processes. (3+10+7) (2013)
  • Describe the anatomical relationship of 8th cranial nerve in petrous part of temporal bone. Describe the methods of imaging the petrous part of temporal bone. (10+10) (2013)
  • Diffusion & perfusion imaging in intracranial SOL (SN 2013)
  • Describe the radiological anatomy of CVJ by various radiological methods. Discuss common pathologies of CVJ region.
  • CVJ anomalies (2 times)
  • Significance of intracranial calcification
  • Intracranial supratentorial calcification
  • Calcification of brain – Causes & D/D
  • Basal ganglia calcificaton
  • Posterior ethmoidal air cells (2 times)
  • Mastoid air cells
  • Chronic otitis media
  • Cholesteatoma (*****)
  • Empty sella (SN – 3 times)
  • Vertebroplasty
  • Leptomeningeal cyst (SN 2007)
  • J shaped sella
  • Dentate nucleus (2X)
  • Cavernous sinuses (2X)
  • Angiographic sylvian point
  • Pineal body
  • Jugular foramen
  • Mx of epilepsy of recent onset
  • Base of skull
  • Petrous bone (***)
  • IV foramina
  • IV foramina of cervical spine
  • Role of radio. in a case of raised ICT
  • Subdural empyema
  • Craniosynostosis (2013)